Volume Control Damper Types: Iris, Guillotine, & Butterfly Styles

Volume control dampers are essential components in HVAC systems to regulate airflow and maintain control over the environment within a building. There are various types of volume control dampers available on the market, each with its unique design and functionality. In this article, we will explore three common types of volume control dampers: Iris, Guillotine, and Butterfly styles. We will delve into the characteristics, applications, and advantages of each type to help you better understand their differences and make an informed decision when selecting the right volume control damper for your HVAC system.

Iris Style Dampers

Iris style dampers, also known as circular dampers, are designed with a circular frame and adjustable blades that open and close like the iris of a camera lens. The blades move inward or outward to regulate the airflow in the ductwork. Iris dampers are commonly used in round duct applications where precise airflow control is required. These dampers are ideal for balancing airflow in individual zones or rooms to maintain comfort levels and energy efficiency within a building.

Iris style dampers offer several advantages, including smooth operation, minimal pressure drop, and accurate airflow control. The adjustable blades allow for precise balancing of airflow, making them suitable for applications where strict airflow requirements need to be met. Additionally, iris dampers are relatively compact and lightweight, making them easy to install and integrate into existing ductwork systems.

Guillotine Style Dampers

Guillotine style dampers, also known as parallel blade dampers, feature two parallel blades that move in opposite directions to control airflow. These dampers can be operated manually or with an actuator for more automated control. Guillotine dampers are commonly used in rectangular duct applications where a large volume of airflow needs to be regulated.

One of the key advantages of guillotine style dampers is their ability to handle high airflow volumes with minimal pressure drop. The parallel blade design allows for a more efficient flow of air through the ductwork, reducing energy consumption and maintaining optimal airflow levels. Guillotine dampers are also known for their durability and reliability, making them suitable for industrial and commercial HVAC systems that require robust airflow control solutions.

Butterfly Style Dampers

Butterfly style dampers, also known as dampers, feature a single blade that pivots on a central axis to regulate airflow. The blade rotates between fully open and fully closed positions to adjust the airflow volume as needed. Butterfly dampers are commonly used in square or rectangular duct applications where moderate airflow control is required.

One of the main advantages of butterfly style dampers is their simplicity and cost-effectiveness. These dampers are easy to install and operate, making them ideal for applications where basic airflow control is sufficient. Butterfly dampers are also lightweight and compact, requiring minimal space in the ductwork system. However, it is essential to note that butterfly dampers may have a higher pressure drop compared to other damper types, which can impact energy efficiency in HVAC systems.

Comparison of Damper Types

When choosing a volume control damper for your HVAC system, it is essential to consider the specific requirements of your application and the advantages of each damper type. Iris style dampers are best suited for applications requiring precise airflow control in round ductwork, while guillotine style dampers are ideal for handling high airflow volumes in rectangular ductwork. Butterfly style dampers offer a simple and cost-effective solution for basic airflow control needs but may have a higher pressure drop.

In conclusion, volume control dampers play a critical role in maintaining airflow balance and energy efficiency in HVAC systems. By understanding the characteristics, applications, and advantages of different damper types, you can select the right damper for your specific needs. Whether you choose an iris, guillotine, or butterfly style damper, each type offers unique features to help you achieve optimal airflow control and comfort within your building.